Baroreflex Failure
Baroreflex Failure: Often confused with efferent
Autonomic
Failure, baroreflex failure may present itself by essential
hypertension, uncontrolled severe hypertension, pheochromocytoma,
or, less commonly, damage to the glossopharyngeal or vagal
nerves.
Patients with baroreflex failure may present with severe
hypertension, either sustained or episodic. Blood pressures can
reach 170-280/110-135. Accompanying tachycardia may suggest the
diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, which is supported by sensations
of warmth and or flushing, palpitations, headache, and
diaphoresis.
Etiologies may include:
Surgery and irradiation for cancer of the throat
Injury to the contralateral glossopharyngeal and vagus
nerves, also known as the familial paraganglioma syndrome
Cell loss bilaterally in the nuclei of the solitary tract
in the setting of a degenerative neurologic disease of
medullary and higher structures.
For many of those who suffer from Baroreflex failure, an
etiology is unattainable.
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